Osteomyelofibrosis treatment

Methods of diagnosis and treatment of osteomyelofibrosis according to the world standards of 2021

How to diagnose osteomyelofibrosis

• The first diagnostic procedure is a general blood test, which most often
  determines changes in the number of red blood cells and platelets.
• Then a trepanobiopsy is performed (this is a type of biopsy in which a column ofcells is taken from the desired area, after which it is prepared accordingly andexamined under a microscope) of the bone marrow with molecular and cytogenetic studies of the material taken. V617F mutations of the JAK2 (in ≈60 %), CALR (in 25-35%), and MPL(in 4-8%) genes are studied.

Instead of a diagnosis of «osteomyelofibrosis», they may be mistakenly diagnosed with

• Acute leukemia,
• Multiple myeloma,
• Hodgkin`s disease,
• Chronic benzene poisoning

What are the modern methods of treatment of osteomyelofibrosis in modern
foreign clinics

• The only option in which the patient can achieve a complete cure is
  allotransplantation (transplantation from a donor) of bone marrow.
• As auxiliary methods, experienced doctors use the targeted drug ruxolitinib, as well as hydroxyurea, melfan, busulfan, cladribine or human interferon, sometimes they also perform splenectomy.
  Also, in parallel with the main treatment, doctors conduct symptomatic treatment of anemia, pain syndrome, thrombocytopenia and other possible complications.
• Some patients can be left under observation without special treatment. Health assessment is carried out using special scales for patients with low — risk osteomilofibrosis-IPSS, DIPSS or DIPSS plus.